Pollen Allergies
Core information about pollen allergy symptoms, triggers, diagnosis and treatment.
1. What are pollen allergies?
Pollen allergies (pollinosis, allergic rhinitis) are an immune-system hypersensitivity to airborne pollen from trees, grasses and weeds.
Did you know?
It is estimated that more than 25% of Europe’s population is affected by pollen allergies, and the trend is rising.
2. Most common symptoms
Symptoms usually appear during the flowering season of plants a person is allergic to.
- Respiratory system: Sneezing, itchy nose, blocked nose and runny nose.
- Eyes: Itchy, red, watery eyes and swollen eyelids.
- Mouth and throat: Itchy palate/throat, irritation and dry cough.
- General symptoms: Fatigue, irritability, headache and reduced concentration.
3. Main triggers (allergens)
Plants are generally grouped by flowering season:
🌳 Trees
Early spring (Feb-Apr): hazel, alder, birch, cypress, olive.
🌾 Grasses
Late spring and summer (May-Jul): very high allergenic potential.
🌿 Weeds
Late summer and autumn (Aug-Oct): ragweed, mugwort and other weeds.
4. Diagnosis and treatment
If you suspect pollen allergy, consult your family physician or an allergist. Diagnosis is based on medical history, skin prick tests and blood tests (IgE).
Treatment is based on 3 key steps:
- Allergen avoidance: pollen forecast Follow daily forecast data and reduce outdoor exposure during peak pollen hours.
- Pharmacotherapy: Use antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids and other physician-prescribed therapy.
- Immunotherapy: A long-term treatment that targets the cause of disease and reduces hypersensitivity.